Blockchain is a technology that enables distributed and secure data structures for various business domains. Bitcoin is a notable blockchain application that is a decentralized digital currency with immense popularity and value. Bitcoin involves many concepts and processes that require modelling for better comprehension and development. Modelling is a technique that simplifies and abstracts a system at a certain level of detail and accuracy. Software modelling is applied in Model-Driven Engineering (MDE), which automates the software development process using models and transformations. Domain-specific languages (DSLs) are languages that are customized for a specific domain and offer intuitive syntax for domain experts.  To address the need for specialized tools for Bitcoin blockchain modelling, we propose a novel Unified Modelling Language (UML) profile that is specifically designed for this domain. UML is a standard general-purpose modelling language that can be extended by profiles to support specific domains. A meta-model is a model that defines the syntax and semantics of a modelling language. The proposed meta-model, which includes stereotypes, tagged values, enumerations, and constraints defined by Object Constraint Language (OCL), is defined as a UML profile. The proposed meta-model is implemented in the Sparx Enterprise Architect (Sparx EA) modelling tool, which is a widely used tool for software modelling and design. To validate the practicality and effectiveness of the proposed UML profile, we developed a real-world case study using the proposed meta-model and conducted an evaluation using the Architecture Tradeoff Analysis Method (ATAM). The results showed the proposed UML profile promising.

With the emerging concept of model transformation, information can be extracted from one or more source models to produce the target models. The conversion of these models can be done automatically with specific transformation languages. This conversion requires mapping between both models with the help of dynamic hash tables. Hash tables store reference links between the elements of the source and target model. Whenever there is a need to access the target element, we query the hash table. In contrast, this paper presents an approach by directly creating aspects in the source meta-model with traces. These traces hold references to target elements during the execution. Illustrating the idea of model driven engineering (MDE), This paper proposes a method that transforms UML class models to EMF ECORE model.

Smell detection is the idea of improving the quality of software by finding and fixing the problems (bad smells) in the source code. The same idea is applicable at the design level. Early detection of the problems in UML design models helps designers produce high quality software.In this paper, we present a process called Sign/Criteria/Repair (SCR) for detecting and fixing the smells in the application of a pattern language in a UML design. We investigate how the SCR process can be implemented in three different environments, ArgoUML, Epsilon, and OCLE, and how these tools can help the designer improve a UML model.